The need for liquid value drove the invention of public stock markets The Dutch East India Company (VOC)
A vertically integrated trading company including shipbuilding, production and trade of spices, coffee, sugarcane and wine.
Founded in 1602 as Asian spice traders
Executed the world's first recorded IPO 
"Going public" enabled the company to quickly raise the vast sum of money, 6.5 million guilders . The Birth of Public Markets and Liquid Management Systems. Dutch East India Company Stock & Ledger. ©2021 iiSM.ORG, All Rights Reserved. “The VOC's institutional innovations and business practices laid the foundations for the rise of modern-day global corporations and capital markets that now dominate the world's economic systems.”. Click slide to see in context of slide deck
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